A critical reappraisal of the concept of exclusivity in cruise tourism: segmentation, sustainability, and symbolism in tension

Abstract

This article presents a systematic literature review on the topic of cruise tourism, with the aim of gaining in-depth insight into segmentation mechanisms, personalization strategies, and how these variables intersect with the new ethical and experiential dimension that increasingly influences consumer purchasing decisions. The methodology is based on the review of 58 articles published between 2000 and 2024, selected according to the following criteria: indexing, methodological quality, and theoretical relevance. The analysis is structured around four thematic axes: consumer behavior in the luxury segment, segmentation processes and the incorporation of psychographic variables, and positioning and branding strategies. The review identifies theoretical, methodological, geographical, and emerging gaps. Additionally, opportunities for future research are proposed. This study offers an integrated and critical perspective on how sustainability can be meaningfully incorporated into the luxury tourism sector.